Reference List Citation |
Author's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given. (Year of Publication). Title of article: Subtitle if any. Name of Journal, Volume Number(Issue Number if Page Numbering Begins at 1 for Each Issue in the Volume), first page number-last page number. https://doi.org/number
Bailey, N. W. (2012). Evolutionary models of extended phenotypes. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 27(3), 561-569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2012.05.011 |
In-Text Citation: Quote |
Required elements: Author last name, year, page number
(Bailey, 2012, p. 562)
Bailey (2012) states that "insert quote here" (p. 562). |
In-Text Citation: Paraphrase |
Required elements: Author last name, year
(Bailey, 2012)
Bailey (2012) finds that... |
Reference List Citation |
Author's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given., & Last Name of Second Author, First Initial. Second Initial if Given. (Year of Publication). Title of article: Subtitle if any. Name of Journal, Volume Number(Issue Number if Page Numbering Begins at 1 for Each Issue in the Volume), first page number-last page number. https://doi.org/number
Lane, J. D., & Williams, R. B. (1987). Cardiovascular effects of caffeine and stress in regular coffee drinkers. Psychophysiology, 24(2), 157-164. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1987.tb00271.x
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In-Text Citation: Quote |
Required elements: Authors' last names, year, page number
(Lane & Williams, 1987, p. 158)
Lane and Williams (1987) state that "insert quote here" (p. 158). |
In-Text Citation: Paraphrase |
Required elements: Authors' last names, year
(Lane & Williams, 1987)
Lane and Williams (1987) find that... |
Reference List Citation |
First Author's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given., Second Author's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given., Third Author's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given., & Last Name of Final Author, First Initial. Second Initial if Given. (Year of Publication). Title of article: Subtitle if any. Name of Journal, Volume Number(Issue Number if Page Numbering Begins at 1 for Each Issue in the Volume), first page number-last page number. https://doi.org/number Note: If your source has three to twenty authors, include all of the authors' last names, first initials, and second initials (if given) in the Reference List citation.
Pempek, T. A., Yermolayeva, Y. A., & Calvert, S. L. (2009). College students' social networking experiences on Facebook. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 3(2), 227-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2008.12.010 Tobaldini, E., Costantino, G., Solbiati, M., Cogliati, C., Kara, T., Nobili, L., & Montano, N. (2017). Sleep, sleep deprivation, autonomic nervous system and cardiovascular diseases. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 74(Pt B), 321–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.07.004 Duell, N., Steinberg, L., Icenogle, G., Chein, J., Chaudhary, N., Di Giunta, L., Dodge, K. A., Fanti, K. A., Lansford, J. E., Oburu, P., Pastorelli, C., Skinner, A. T., Sorbring, E., Tapanya, S., Uribe Tirado, L. M., Alampay, L. P., Al-Hassan, S. M., Takash, H. M. S, Bacchini, D., & Chang, L. (2017). Age patterns in risk taking across the world. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 47(5), 1052–1072. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-017-0752-y |
In-Text Citation: Quote |
Note: If your source has three to twenty authors, list the first author's last name followed by "et al." in your in-text citation.
Required elements: First author's last name, year, page number
(Pempek et al., 2009, p. 230) (Tobaldini et al., 2017, p. 325) (Duell et al., 2017, p. 1060)
Pempek et al. (2009) state that "insert quote here" (p. 230). Tobaldini et al. (2017) state that "insert quote here" (p. 325). Duell et al. (2017) state that "insert quote here" (p. 1060). |
In-Text Citation: Paraphrase |
Required elements: First author's last name, year
Pempek et al. (2009) find that... Tobaldini et al. (2017) find that... Duell et al. (2017) find that... |
When the work has 21 or more authors, include only the first 19 names, an ellipsis, and the final name.
Reference List Citation |
Example Wiskunde, B., Arslan, M., Fischer, P., Nowak, L., Van den Berg, O., Coetzee, L., Juárez, U., Riyaziyyat, E., Wang, C., Zhang, I., Li, P., Yang, R., Kumar, B., Xu, A., Martinez, R., McIntosh, V., Ibáñez, L. M., Mäkinen, G., Virtanen, E., . . . Kovács, A. (2019). Indie pop rocks mathematics: Twenty One Pilots, Nicolas Bourbaki, and the empty set. Journal of Improbable Mathematics, 27(1), 1935–1968. https://doi.org/10.0000/3mp7y-537 |
In-Text Citation: Quote |
Parenthetical in-text citation example (Wiskunde et al., 2019, p. 1937)
Wiskunde et al. (2019) state that "insert quote here" (p. 1937). |
In-Text Citation: Paraphrase |
Parenthetical in-text citation example (Wiskunde et al., 2019)
Wiskunde et al. (2019) find that... |
Reference List Citation |
Author's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given. (Year of Publication). Title of article: Subtitle if any. Name of Journal, Volume Number(Issue Number if Page Numbering Begins at 1 for Each Issue in the Volume), first page number-last page number.
Carlisle, D. (2012). In the line of fire. Nursing Standard, 26(39), 18-19. |
In-Text Citation: Quote |
Required elements: Author last name, year, page number
(Carlisle, 2012, p. 18)
Carlisle (2012) states that "insert quote here" (p. 18). |
In-Text Citation: Paraphrase |
Required elements: Author last name, year
(Carlisle, 2012)
Carlisle (2012) finds that... |
Reference List Citation |
Instead of page numbers, some journal articles may have an article number or eLocator. For these types of articles, include the word “Article” and then the article number in place of the page range in the References List citation. Author's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given., & Last Name of Second Author, First Initial. Second Initial if Given. (Year of Publication). Title of article: Subtitle if any. Name of Journal, Volume Number(Issue Number), Article article number. https://doi.org/number Note: If your source has three to twenty authors, include all of the authors' last names, first initials, and second initials (if given) in the Reference List citation.
Rice, E., Mashford-Pringle, A., Qiang, J., Henderson, L., Maclean, T., Rhoden, J., Simms, A., & Stutz, S. (2024). Frameworks, guidelines, and tools to develop a learning health system for Indigenous health: An environmental scan for Canada. Learning Health Systems, 8(1), Article e10376. https://doi.org/10.1002/lrh2.10376 |
In-Text Citation: Quote |
Note: If your source has three to twenty authors, list the first author's last name followed by "et al." in your in-text citation.
(Author's Last Name, Year, p. Page Number) If citing the PDF version of the article, include the page number where the quote is found, such as: (Rice et al., 2024, p. 2). If there are no page numbers, include the paragraph number where the quote is found, such as: (Rice et al., 2024, para. 3). |
In-Text Citation: Paraphrase |
Note: If your source has three to twenty authors, list the first author's last name followed by "et al." in your in-text citation.
(Author's Last Name, Year)
(Rice et al., 2024) |
Reference List Citation |
Author's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given. (Year of Publication). Title of article: Subtitle if any. Name of Journal, Volume Number(Issue Number if Page Numbering Begins at 1 for Each Issue in the Volume), first page number-last page number. https://doi.org/number
Prey, R. (2017). Nothing personal: Algorithmic individuation on music streaming platforms. Media, Culture & Society, 40(7), 1086-1100. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443717745147 |
In-Text Citation: Quote |
(Author's Last Name, Year, p. Page Number)
(Prey, 2017, p. 1088) |
In-Text Citation: Paraphrase |
(Author's Last Name, Year)
(Prey, 2017) |
Reference List Citation |
Author's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given. (Year of Publication). Title of article: Subtitle if any. Name of Journal, Volume Number(Issue Number if given), first page number-last page number if given. http://URL
Flachs, A. (2010). Food for thought: The social impact of community gardens in the Greater Cleveland Area. Electronic Green Journal, 1(30). http://escholarship.org/uc/item/6bh7j4z4 |
In-Text Citation: Quote |
(Author's Last Name, Year, p. Page Number)
(Flachs, 2010, Conclusion section, para. 3) Note: In this example there were no visible page numbers or paragraph numbers, in this case you can cite the section heading and the number of the paragraph in that section to identify where your quote came from. If there are no page or paragraph numbers and no marked section, leave this information out. |
In-Text Citation: Paraphrase |
(Author's Last Name, Year)
(Flachs, 2010) |
Reference List Citation |
Instead of page numbers, some journal articles may have an article number or eLocator. For these types of articles, include the word “Article” and then the article number in place of the page range in the References List citation. Author's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given., & Last Name of Second Author, First Initial. Second Initial if Given. (Year of Publication). Title of article: Subtitle if any. Name of Journal, Volume Number(Issue Number), Article article number. https://doi.org/number Note: If your source has three to twenty authors, include all of the authors' last names, first initials, and second initials (if given) in the Reference List citation.
Rice, E., Mashford-Pringle, A., Qiang, J., Henderson, L., Maclean, T., Rhoden, J., Simms, A., & Stutz, S. (2024). Frameworks, guidelines, and tools to develop a learning health system for Indigenous health: An environmental scan for Canada. Learning Health Systems, 8(1), Article e10376. https://doi.org/10.1002/lrh2.10376 |
In-Text Citation: Quote |
Note: If your source has three to twenty authors, list the first author's last name followed by "et al." in your in-text citation.
(Author's Last Name, Year, p. Page Number) If citing the PDF version of the article, include the page number where the quote is found, such as: (Rice et al., 2024, p. 2). If there are no page numbers, include the paragraph number where the quote is found, such as: (Rice et al., 2024, para. 3). |
In-Text Citation: Paraphrase |
Note: If your source has three to twenty authors, list the first author's last name followed by "et al." in your in-text citation.
(Author's Last Name, Year)
(Rice et al., 2024) |
Reference List Citation |
Author's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given. (Year of Publication). Title of article: Subtitle if any. Name of Journal, Volume Number(Issue Number if Page Numbering Begins at 1 for Each Issue in the Volume), first page number-last page number.
Carlisle, D. (2012). In the line of fire. Nursing Standard, 26(39), 18-19. |
In-Text Citation: Quote |
(Author's Last Name, Year, p. Page Number)
(Carlisle, 2012, p. 18) |
In-Text Citation: Paraphrase |
(Author's Last Name, Year)
(Carlisle, 2012) |