LibGuides: APA Citation Guide (APA 7th Edition): Indigenous Elders and Knowledge Keepers (Oral Communication)

Note: This template should be used when citing oral communication with Indigenous Elders and Knowledge Keepers. If you are citing material authored by an Indigenous person, please follow the appropriate citation template for citing the source. For example, follow the citation template for a book when citing a novel written by an Indigenous author.

Indigenous Elders and Knowledge Keepers (Oral Communication)

Reference List Citation

Last name, First initial., Nation/Community. Treaty Territory if applicable. Where they live if applicable. Topic/subject of communication if applicable. Personal communication. Month Date, Year.

Example

Cardinal, D., Goodfish Lake Cree Nation. Treaty 6. Lives in Edmonton. Oral teaching. Personal communication. April 4, 2004.

In-Text Citation: Quote

(Last Name of Elder/Knowledge Keeper, Year of communication)

Example

(Cardinal, 2004)

In-Text Citation: Paraphrase

(Last Name of Elder/Knowledge Keeper, Year of communication)

Example

(Cardinal, 2004)

The templates and examples for Indigenous Elders and Knowledge Keepers are from NorQuest College Library, who license their work under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Details and Exceptions.